diff --git a/impl/src/ast.rs b/impl/src/ast.rs
index 0d15388..f68820e 100644
--- a/impl/src/ast.rs
+++ b/impl/src/ast.rs
@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@ pub enum Input<'a> {
 }
 
 pub struct Struct<'a> {
-    pub attrs: Attrs,
+    pub attrs: Attrs<'a>,
     pub ident: Ident,
     pub generics: &'a Generics,
     pub fields: Vec<Field<'a>>,
 }
 
 pub struct Enum<'a> {
-    pub attrs: Attrs,
+    pub attrs: Attrs<'a>,
     pub ident: Ident,
     pub generics: &'a Generics,
     pub variants: Vec<Variant<'a>>,
@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ pub struct Enum<'a> {
 
 pub struct Variant<'a> {
     pub original: &'a syn::Variant,
-    pub attrs: Attrs,
+    pub attrs: Attrs<'a>,
     pub ident: Ident,
     pub fields: Vec<Field<'a>>,
 }
 
 pub struct Field<'a> {
     pub original: &'a syn::Field,
-    pub attrs: Attrs,
+    pub attrs: Attrs<'a>,
     pub member: Member,
     pub ty: &'a Type,
 }
diff --git a/impl/src/attr.rs b/impl/src/attr.rs
index 32eac1a..e741c64 100644
--- a/impl/src/attr.rs
+++ b/impl/src/attr.rs
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ use syn::{
     Result, Token,
 };
 
-pub struct Attrs {
+pub struct Attrs<'a> {
     pub display: Option<Display>,
-    pub source: bool,
+    pub source: Option<Source<'a>>,
 }
 
 pub struct Display {
@@ -18,10 +18,14 @@ pub struct Display {
     pub was_shorthand: bool,
 }
 
+pub struct Source<'a> {
+    pub original: &'a Attribute,
+}
+
 pub fn get(input: &[Attribute]) -> Result<Attrs> {
     let mut attrs = Attrs {
         display: None,
-        source: false,
+        source: None,
     };
 
     for attr in input {
@@ -35,11 +39,11 @@ pub fn get(input: &[Attribute]) -> Result<Attrs> {
             }
             attrs.display = Some(display);
         } else if attr.path.is_ident("source") {
-            parse_source(attr)?;
-            if attrs.source {
+            let source = parse_source(attr)?;
+            if attrs.source.is_some() {
                 return Err(Error::new_spanned(attr, "duplicate #[source] attribute"));
             }
-            attrs.source = true;
+            attrs.source = Some(source);
         }
     }
 
@@ -106,9 +110,9 @@ fn parse_token_expr(input: ParseStream, mut last_is_comma: bool) -> Result<Token
     Ok(tokens)
 }
 
-fn parse_source(attr: &Attribute) -> Result<()> {
+fn parse_source(attr: &Attribute) -> Result<Source> {
     syn::parse2::<Nothing>(attr.tokens.clone())?;
-    Ok(())
+    Ok(Source { original: attr })
 }
 
 impl ToTokens for Display {
diff --git a/impl/src/prop.rs b/impl/src/prop.rs
index 36129f5..47bf65f 100644
--- a/impl/src/prop.rs
+++ b/impl/src/prop.rs
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ impl Variant<'_> {
 }
 
 impl Field<'_> {
-    fn is_source(&self) -> bool {
-        self.attrs.source
+    pub(crate) fn is_source(&self) -> bool {
+        self.attrs.source.is_some()
     }
 
     fn is_backtrace(&self) -> bool {
diff --git a/impl/src/valid.rs b/impl/src/valid.rs
index 5372766..d420d04 100644
--- a/impl/src/valid.rs
+++ b/impl/src/valid.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::ast::{Enum, Input, Struct};
+use crate::ast::{Enum, Field, Input, Struct, Variant};
 use syn::{Error, Result};
 
 pub(crate) const CHECKED: &str = "checked in validation";
@@ -14,23 +14,46 @@ impl Input<'_> {
 
 impl Struct<'_> {
     fn validate(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        // nothing for now
+        find_duplicate_source(&self.fields)?;
         Ok(())
     }
 }
 
 impl Enum<'_> {
     fn validate(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        if self.has_display() {
-            for variant in &self.variants {
-                if variant.attrs.display.is_none() {
-                    return Err(Error::new_spanned(
-                        variant.original,
-                        "missing #[error(\"...\")] display attribute",
-                    ));
-                }
+        let has_display = self.has_display();
+        for variant in &self.variants {
+            variant.validate()?;
+            if has_display && variant.attrs.display.is_none() {
+                return Err(Error::new_spanned(
+                    variant.original,
+                    "missing #[error(\"...\")] display attribute",
+                ));
             }
         }
         Ok(())
     }
 }
+
+impl Variant<'_> {
+    fn validate(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        find_duplicate_source(&self.fields)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+fn find_duplicate_source(fields: &[Field]) -> Result<()> {
+    let mut has_source = false;
+    for field in fields {
+        if let Some(source) = &field.attrs.source {
+            if has_source {
+                return Err(Error::new_spanned(
+                    source.original,
+                    "duplicate #[source] attribute",
+                ));
+            }
+            has_source = true;
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/tests/ui/duplicate-source.rs b/tests/ui/duplicate-source.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d599d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ui/duplicate-source.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub struct ErrorStruct {
+    #[source]
+    a: std::io::Error,
+    #[source]
+    b: anyhow::Error,
+}
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum ErrorEnum {
+    Confusing {
+        #[source]
+        a: std::io::Error,
+        #[source]
+        b: anyhow::Error,
+    },
+}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/tests/ui/duplicate-source.stderr b/tests/ui/duplicate-source.stderr
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6094a3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ui/duplicate-source.stderr
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+error: duplicate #[source] attribute
+ --> $DIR/duplicate-source.rs:7:5
+  |
+7 |     #[source]
+  |     ^^^^^^^^^
+
+error: duplicate #[source] attribute
+  --> $DIR/duplicate-source.rs:16:9
+   |
+16 |         #[source]
+   |         ^^^^^^^^^