refactor: rewrite self-signed cert verifier

Cargo.lock

@@ -879,6 +879,7 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "tokio-gemini"
 version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "async-trait",
  "base16ct",
  "base64ct",
  "bytes",

Cargo.toml

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ tokio-rustls = { version = "0.26.0", default-features = false, features = ["ring
 
 dashmap = { version = "6.0.1", optional = true }
 hickory-client = { version = "0.24.1", optional = true }
+async-trait = "0.1.81"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 tokio = { version = "1.39.2", features = ["macros", "rt-multi-thread"] }

examples/main.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 use tokio_gemini::{
-    certs::{file_sscv::FileBasedCertVerifier, insecure::AllowAllCertVerifier},
+    certs::{
+        dane, file_sscv::KnownHostsFile, fingerprint::CertFingerprint, SelfsignedCertVerifier,
+    },
     dns::DnsClient,
     Client, LibError,
 };
 
 //
-// cargo add tokio_gemini -F file-sscv,hickory
+// cargo add tokio_gemini -F file-sscv,dane
 // cargo add tokio -F macros,rt-multi-thread,io-util,fs
 //
 
@@ -13,12 +15,6 @@ const USAGE: &str = "-k\t\tinsecure mode (trust all certs)
 -d <DNS server addr>\tuse custom DNS for resolving & DANE
 -h\t\tshow help";
 
-struct Config {
-    insecure: bool,
-    dns: Option<String>,
-    url: String,
-}
-
 #[tokio::main]
 async fn main() -> Result<(), LibError> {
     let config = parse_args();
@@ -68,11 +64,11 @@ fn parse_args() -> Config {
             "-k" => config.insecure = true,
             "-d" => expected_dns = true,
             "-h" => {
-                println!("{}", USAGE);
+                eprintln!("{}", USAGE);
                 std::process::exit(0);
             }
             url => {
-                println!("URL: {}", url);
+                eprintln!("URL: {}", url);
                 config.url = url.to_owned();
                 break;
             }
@@ -80,7 +76,7 @@ fn parse_args() -> Config {
     }
 
     if expected_dns {
-        println!("{}", USAGE);
+        eprintln!("{}", USAGE);
         std::process::exit(0);
     }
 
@@ -94,21 +90,94 @@ async fn build_client(config: &Config) -> Result<Client, LibError> {
         None
     };
 
+    let known_hosts = KnownHostsFile::parse_file("known_hosts").await?;
+    let verifier = CertVerifier {
+        known_hosts,
+        dns: dns.clone(),
+    };
+
     let client = tokio_gemini::Client::builder();
 
     let client = if config.insecure {
-        client.with_custom_verifier(AllowAllCertVerifier::yes_i_know_what_i_am_doing())
+        client.dangerous_with_no_verifier()
     } else {
-        client.with_selfsigned_cert_verifier(
+        client.with_selfsigned_cert_verifier(verifier)
-            FileBasedCertVerifier::init("known_hosts", dns.clone()).await?,
-        )
     };
 
-    let client = if let Some(dns) = dns {
+    let client = client.maybe_with_dns_client(dns);
-        client.with_dns_client(dns)
-    } else {
-        client
-    };
 
     Ok(client.build())
 }
+
+struct Config {
+    insecure: bool,
+    dns: Option<String>,
+    url: String,
+}
+
+struct CertVerifier {
+    known_hosts: KnownHostsFile,
+    dns: Option<DnsClient>,
+}
+
+impl SelfsignedCertVerifier for CertVerifier {
+    async fn verify<'c>(
+        &self,
+        cert: &'c tokio_gemini::certs::CertificateDer<'c>,
+        host: &str,
+        port: u16,
+    ) -> Result<bool, tokio_gemini::LibError> {
+        if let Some(known) = self.known_hosts.get_known_cert(host) {
+            // if found in known_hosts, just compare certs
+            Ok(known.fingerprint.hash_and_compare(cert))
+        } else {
+            // otherwise, generate a hash and add to known_hosts
+            let hash = if let Some(dns) = &self.dns {
+                // if DNS client is configured, try verifying the cert
+                // via DANE instead of blindly trusting
+                match dane::dane(&dns, cert, host, port).await {
+                    Ok(hash) => hash, // use the fingerprint matched with TLSA record
+                    Err(LibError::HostLookupError) => {
+                        // no TLSA record found -- server admin haven't set it up
+                        eprintln!(
+                            "TLSA not configured for tcp:{}:{}, trusting on first use",
+                            host, port,
+                        );
+                        // just generate a hash for this cert
+                        CertFingerprint::new_sha256(cert)
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        // some other problem (e.g. DNS server rejected the request),
+                        // we shouldn't continue
+                        eprintln!("DANE verification failed: {:?}", e);
+                        return Err(e);
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                eprintln!("DANE disabled");
+                // just generate a hash for this cert
+                CertFingerprint::new_sha256(cert)
+            };
+
+            let fingerprint = hash.base64();
+            let fptype = hash.fingerprint_type_str();
+            eprintln!(
+                "Warning: adding trusted cert for {} with FP {}",
+                host, &fingerprint,
+            );
+
+            // adding the cert hash to trusted
+            // can be done simplier:
+            //   self.known_hosts.add_trusted_cert(host, hash).await.unwrap...
+            self.known_hosts.add_cert_to_hashmap(host, hash);
+            self.known_hosts
+                .add_cert_to_file(host, &fingerprint, fptype)
+                .await
+                .unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+                    eprintln!("Cert saved in-memory, unable to write to file: {:?}", e);
+                });
+
+            Ok(true)
+        }
+    }
+}

examples/simple.rs

@@ -33,17 +33,18 @@ async fn main() -> Result<(), LibError> {
 struct CertVerifier;
 
 impl SelfsignedCertVerifier for CertVerifier {
-    fn verify(
+    async fn verify<'c>(
         &self,
-        cert: &tokio_gemini::certs::CertificateDer,
+        cert: &'c tokio_gemini::certs::CertificateDer<'c>,
         host: &str,
-        _now: tokio_gemini::certs::UnixTime,
+        port: u16,
-    ) -> Result<bool, tokio_rustls::rustls::Error> {
+    ) -> Result<bool, tokio_gemini::LibError> {
-        // For real verification example with known_hosts file
+        // For real verification example with known_hosts and DANE
         // see examples/main.rs
         eprintln!(
-            "Host = {}\nFingerprint = {}",
+            "Host = {}:{}\nFingerprint = {}",
             host,
+            port,
             CertFingerprint::new_sha256(cert).base64(),
         );
         Ok(true)

src/certs/allow_all.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 //! Custom verifier for Rustls accepting any TLS cert
 //! (usually called "insecure mode")
 
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
 use tokio_rustls::rustls::{
     self,
     client::danger::{HandshakeSignatureValid, ServerCertVerified, ServerCertVerifier},
@@ -9,28 +11,28 @@ use tokio_rustls::rustls::{
 
 /// Custom verifier for Rustls accepting any TLS certificate
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct AllowAllCertVerifier(std::sync::Arc<CryptoProvider>);
+pub struct AllowAllCertVerifier(Arc<CryptoProvider>);
 
 impl AllowAllCertVerifier {
-    /// Constructor for this verifier.
+    /// Constructor for this verifier
-    /// Use only if you know what you are doing.
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
-    ///
-    /// # Examples
-    /// ```
-    /// let client = tokio_gemini::Client::builder()
-    ///     .with_custom_verifier(AllowAllCertVerifier::yes_i_know_what_i_am_doing())
-    ///     .build()
-    /// ```
-    pub fn yes_i_know_what_i_am_doing() -> Self {
         AllowAllCertVerifier(
             CryptoProvider::get_default()
                 .cloned()
-                .unwrap_or_else(|| std::sync::Arc::new(rustls::crypto::ring::default_provider())),
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| Arc::new(rustls::crypto::ring::default_provider())),
         )
     }
 }
 
+impl From<Arc<CryptoProvider>> for AllowAllCertVerifier {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(value: Arc<CryptoProvider>) -> Self {
+        AllowAllCertVerifier(value)
+    }
+}
+
 impl ServerCertVerifier for AllowAllCertVerifier {
+    #[inline]
     fn verify_server_cert(
         &self,
         _end_entity: &rustls::pki_types::CertificateDer<'_>,
@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ impl ServerCertVerifier for AllowAllCertVerifier {
         Ok(ServerCertVerified::assertion())
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     fn verify_tls12_signature(
         &self,
         message: &[u8],
@@ -56,6 +59,7 @@ impl ServerCertVerifier for AllowAllCertVerifier {
         )
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     fn verify_tls13_signature(
         &self,
         message: &[u8],
@@ -70,6 +74,7 @@ impl ServerCertVerifier for AllowAllCertVerifier {
         )
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     fn supported_verify_schemes(&self) -> Vec<rustls::SignatureScheme> {
         self.0.signature_verification_algorithms.supported_schemes()
     }

src/certs/dane.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+use crate::{
+    certs::{fingerprint::CertFingerprint, CertificateDer},
+    dns::DnsClient,
+    LibError,
+};
+
+pub async fn dane<'d>(
+    dns: &DnsClient,
+    cert: &CertificateDer<'d>,
+    host: &str,
+    port: u16,
+) -> Result<CertFingerprint, LibError> {
+    let mut dns = dns.clone();
+
+    let mut sha256: Option<CertFingerprint> = None;
+    let mut sha512: Option<CertFingerprint> = None;
+
+    for tlsa_fp in dns.query_tlsa(host, port).await? {
+        match tlsa_fp {
+            CertFingerprint::Sha256(_) => {
+                if sha256.is_none() {
+                    sha256 = Some(CertFingerprint::new_sha256(cert));
+                }
+                let this_fp = sha256.as_ref().unwrap();
+                if this_fp == &tlsa_fp {
+                    return Ok(sha256.unwrap());
+                }
+            }
+            CertFingerprint::Sha512(_) => {
+                if sha512.is_none() {
+                    sha512 = Some(CertFingerprint::new_sha512(cert));
+                }
+                let this_fp = sha512.as_ref().unwrap();
+                if this_fp == &tlsa_fp {
+                    return Ok(sha512.unwrap());
+                }
+            }
+            CertFingerprint::Raw(_) => {
+                let this_fp = CertFingerprint::new_raw(cert);
+                if this_fp == tlsa_fp {
+                    return Ok(CertFingerprint::new_sha256(cert));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if let Some(sha256) = sha256 {
+        Ok(sha256)
+    } else if let Some(sha512) = sha512 {
+        Ok(sha512)
+    } else {
+        Ok(CertFingerprint::new_sha256(cert))
+    }
+}

src/certs/file_sscv.rs

@@ -1,35 +1,25 @@
-use std::{
+use std::{borrow::Cow, os::fd::AsFd, path::Path, sync::Mutex};
-    borrow::Cow,
-    io::{BufWriter, Write},
-    os::fd::AsFd,
-    path::Path,
-    sync::Mutex,
-};
 
 use dashmap::DashMap;
-use tokio::io::AsyncBufReadExt;
+use tokio::io::{AsyncBufReadExt, AsyncWriteExt, BufWriter};
-use tokio_rustls::rustls::pki_types::{CertificateDer, UnixTime};
 
-use crate::{
+use crate::certs::{fingerprint::CertFingerprint, SelfsignedCert};
-    certs::{fingerprint::CertFingerprint, SelfsignedCert, SelfsignedCertVerifier},
-    LibError,
-};
 
-#[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
+pub struct KnownHostsFile {
-use crate::dns::DnsClient;
-
-pub struct FileBasedCertVerifier {
     fd: Mutex<std::os::fd::OwnedFd>,
     map: DashMap<String, SelfsignedCert>,
-    #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
-    dns: Option<DnsClient>,
 }
 
-impl FileBasedCertVerifier {
+impl KnownHostsFile {
-    pub async fn init(
+    /// Read or create a known_hosts file at the given path.
-        path: impl AsRef<Path>,
+    /// Format of known_hosts is: _(fields are separated by any space sequence)_
-        #[cfg(feature = "hickory")] dns: Option<DnsClient>,
+    /// ```
-    ) -> Result<Self, LibError> {
+    /// #host   expires    algo   base64 fingerprint
+    /// dc09.ru 1722930541 sha512 dGVzdHRlc3R0ZXN0Cg
+    /// ```
+    pub async fn parse_file(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> std::io::Result<KnownHostsFile> {
+        // TODO: remove eprintln!()s
+
         let map = DashMap::new();
 
         if tokio::fs::try_exists(&path).await? {
@@ -45,10 +35,6 @@ impl FileBasedCertVerifier {
                     break;
                 }
 
-                // Format:
-                // host <space> expires <space> hash-algo <space> fingerprint
-                // Example:
-                // dc09.ru 1722930541 sha512 dGVzdHRlc3R0ZXN0Cg
                 if let [host, expires, algo, fp] =
                     *buf.split_whitespace().take(4).collect::<Cow<[&str]>>()
                 {
@@ -91,34 +77,42 @@ impl FileBasedCertVerifier {
         }
 
         let fd = Mutex::new(
-            std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
+            tokio::fs::OpenOptions::new()
                 .append(true)
                 .create(true)
-                .open(path)?
+                .open(path)
+                .await?
                 .as_fd()
                 .try_clone_to_owned()?,
         );
 
-        Ok(FileBasedCertVerifier {
+        Ok(KnownHostsFile { fd, map })
-            fd,
-            map,
-            #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
-            dns,
-        })
-    }
     }
 
-impl FileBasedCertVerifier {
+    pub fn get_known_cert(
-    pub fn add_trusted_cert(
         &self,
         host: &str,
-        hash: CertFingerprint,
+    ) -> Option<dashmap::mapref::one::Ref<String, SelfsignedCert>> {
-    ) -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
+        self.map.get(host)
-        let fp = hash.base64();
+    }
-        let ft = hash.fingerprint_type_str();
-        // TODO: remove eprintln!()
-        eprintln!("Warning: adding {} cert with FP {}", &host, &fp);
 
+    /// Add a new entry to known_hosts (both to the in-memory hashmap and to the file).
+    /// Should be called only after the TLS cert is verified for validity (including DANE).
+    /// Exactly the same as `add_cert_to_hashmap` + `add_cert_to_file`.
+    pub async fn add_trusted_cert(&self, host: &str, hash: CertFingerprint) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        let fp = hash.base64();
+        let fptype = hash.fingerprint_type_str();
+
+        self.add_cert_to_hashmap(host, hash);
+
+        self.add_cert_to_file(host, &fp, fptype).await?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Add a new trusted cert only to the in-memory hashmap,
+    /// do not write to the known_hosts file.
+    pub fn add_cert_to_hashmap(&self, host: &str, hash: CertFingerprint) {
         self.map.insert(
             host.to_owned(),
             SelfsignedCert {
@@ -126,117 +120,35 @@ impl FileBasedCertVerifier {
                 expires: 0, // TODO after implementing cert parsing in tokio-gemini
             },
         );
+    }
 
+    /// Write a new trusted cert's fingerprint to the known_hosts file.
+    /// - `fp` is a TLS cert hash in base64 (see [`CertFingerprint::base64`]),
+    /// - `fptype` is a name of hashing algorithm (see [`CertFingerprint::fingerprint_type_str`]).
+    /// The certificate will not be trusted in the current session unless you call `add_cert_to_hashmap`,
+    /// so use this function only if you need modularity, otherwise just use `add_trusted_cert`.
+    pub async fn add_cert_to_file(
+        &self,
+        host: &str,
+        fp: &str,
+        fptype: &str,
+    ) -> std::io::Result<()> {
         // trick with cloning file descriptor
         // because we are not allowed to mutate &self
-        let f = std::fs::File::from(self.fd.lock().unwrap().try_clone()?);
+        let f = tokio::fs::File::from(std::fs::File::from(self.fd.lock().unwrap().try_clone()?));
         let mut bw = BufWriter::new(f);
-        bw.write_all(host.as_bytes())?;
+
-        bw.write_all(b" 0 ")?; // TODO after implementing `expires`
+        bw.write_all(host.as_bytes()).await?;
-        bw.write_all(ft.as_bytes())?;
+        bw.write_all(b" 0 ").await?; // TODO after implementing `expires`
-        bw.write_all(b" ")?;
+
-        bw.write_all(fp.as_bytes())?;
+        bw.write_all(fptype.as_bytes()).await?;
-        bw.write_all(b"\n")?;
+        bw.write_all(b" ").await?;
-        bw.flush()?;
+
+        bw.write_all(fp.as_bytes()).await?;
+        bw.write_all(b"\n").await?;
+
+        bw.flush().await?;
 
         Ok(())
     }
-
-    #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
-    pub fn dane(
-        &self,
-        cert: &CertificateDer,
-        host: &str,
-        port: u16,
-    ) -> Result<CertFingerprint, LibError> {
-        let mut dns = if let Some(dns) = &self.dns {
-            dns.clone()
-        } else {
-            return Err(LibError::HostLookupError);
-        };
-
-        let rt = tokio::runtime::Handle::try_current()?;
-
-        let mut sha256: Option<CertFingerprint> = None;
-        let mut sha512: Option<CertFingerprint> = None;
-
-        for tlsa_fp in rt.block_on(dns.query_tlsa(host, port))? {
-            match tlsa_fp {
-                CertFingerprint::Sha256(_) => {
-                    if sha256.is_none() {
-                        sha256 = Some(CertFingerprint::new_sha256(cert));
-                    }
-                    let this_fp = sha256.as_ref().unwrap();
-                    if this_fp == &tlsa_fp {
-                        return Ok(sha256.unwrap());
-                    }
-                }
-                CertFingerprint::Sha512(_) => {
-                    if sha512.is_none() {
-                        sha512 = Some(CertFingerprint::new_sha512(cert));
-                    }
-                    let this_fp = sha512.as_ref().unwrap();
-                    if this_fp == &tlsa_fp {
-                        return Ok(sha512.unwrap());
-                    }
-                }
-                CertFingerprint::Raw(_) => {
-                    let this_fp = CertFingerprint::new_raw(cert);
-                    if this_fp == tlsa_fp {
-                        return Ok(CertFingerprint::new_sha256(cert));
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        if let Some(sha256) = sha256 {
-            Ok(sha256)
-        } else if let Some(sha512) = sha512 {
-            Ok(sha512)
-        } else {
-            Ok(CertFingerprint::new_sha256(cert))
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl SelfsignedCertVerifier for FileBasedCertVerifier {
-    fn verify(
-        &self,
-        cert: &CertificateDer,
-        host: &str,
-        _now: UnixTime,
-    ) -> Result<bool, tokio_rustls::rustls::Error> {
-        //
-        // TODO: remove eprintln!()s
-        //
-
-        if let Some(known_cert) = self.map.get(host) {
-            // if host is found in known_hosts, compare certs
-            let this_hash = match known_cert.fingerprint {
-                CertFingerprint::Sha256(_) => CertFingerprint::new_sha256(cert),
-                CertFingerprint::Sha512(_) => CertFingerprint::new_sha512(cert),
-                CertFingerprint::Raw(_) => CertFingerprint::new_raw(cert),
-            };
-            Ok(this_hash == known_cert.fingerprint)
-        } else {
-            // host is unknown, generate hash and add to known_hosts
-            #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
-            let this_hash = match self.dane(cert, host, 1965) {
-                Ok(hash) => hash,
-                Err(e) => {
-                    eprintln!("DANE verification failed: {:?}", e);
-                    CertFingerprint::new_sha256(cert)
-                }
-            };
-
-            #[cfg(not(feature = "hickory"))]
-            let this_hash = CertFingerprint::new_sha256(cert);
-
-            self.add_trusted_cert(host, this_hash).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-                eprintln!("Unable to add new cert: {:?}", e);
-            });
-
-            Ok(true)
-        }
-    }
 }

src/certs/fingerprint.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ pub use sha2::{Digest, Sha256, Sha512};
 use base16ct::upper as b16;
 use base64ct::{Base64Unpadded as b64, Encoding};
 
-use super::verifier::CertificateDer;
+use super::CertificateDer;
 
 pub const SHA256_LEN: usize = 32; // 256 / 8
 pub const SHA512_LEN: usize = 64; // 512 / 8
@@ -127,6 +127,15 @@ impl CertFingerprint {
 }
 
 impl CertFingerprint {
+    pub fn hash_and_compare(&self, cert: &CertificateDer) -> bool {
+        let hash = match self {
+            Self::Sha256(_) => Self::new_sha256(cert),
+            Self::Sha512(_) => Self::new_sha512(cert),
+            Self::Raw(_) => Self::new_raw(cert),
+        };
+        *self == hash
+    }
+
     pub fn fingerprint_type_str(&self) -> &'static str {
         match self {
             Self::Sha256(_) => "sha256",

src/certs/mod.rs

@@ -1,27 +1,29 @@
 //! Everything related to TLS certs verification
 
+pub mod allow_all;
 pub mod fingerprint;
-pub mod insecure;
 
 #[cfg(feature = "file-sscv")]
 pub mod file_sscv;
 
-pub(crate) mod verifier;
+#[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
+pub mod dane;
 
+use async_trait::async_trait;
 pub use tokio_rustls::rustls::pki_types::{CertificateDer, ServerName, UnixTime};
 
-use tokio_rustls::rustls;
+/// Trait for implementing self-signed cert verifiers,
-
+/// probably via known_hosts with TOFU policy or DANE verification.
-/// Trait for implementing self-signed cert verifiers
+/// It is recommended to use helpers from file_sscv.
-/// like [`file_sscv::FileBasedCertVerifier`]
+#[async_trait]
-/// (probably via known_hosts with TOFU policy or DANE verification)
 pub trait SelfsignedCertVerifier: Send + Sync {
-    fn verify(
+    async fn verify<'c>(
         &self,
-        cert: &CertificateDer,
+        cert: &'c CertificateDer<'c>,
         host: &str,
-        now: UnixTime,
+        port: u16,
-    ) -> Result<bool, rustls::Error>;
+        // now: UnixTime,
+    ) -> Result<bool, crate::LibError>;
 }
 
 /// Structure holding a cert fingerprint and expiry date,

src/client/builder.rs

@@ -3,20 +3,21 @@
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use crate::{
-    certs::{verifier::CustomCertVerifier, SelfsignedCertVerifier},
+    certs::{allow_all::AllowAllCertVerifier, SelfsignedCertVerifier},
     Client,
 };
 
 #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
 use crate::dns::DnsClient;
 
-use tokio_rustls::rustls::{self, client::danger::ServerCertVerifier, SupportedProtocolVersion};
+use tokio_rustls::{
+    rustls::{self, SupportedProtocolVersion},
+    TlsConnector,
+};
 
 /// Builder for creating configured [`Client`] instance
 pub struct ClientBuilder {
-    root_certs: rustls::RootCertStore,
+    ss_verifier: Option<Arc<dyn SelfsignedCertVerifier>>,
-    ss_verifier: Option<Box<dyn SelfsignedCertVerifier>>,
-    custom_verifier: Option<Arc<dyn ServerCertVerifier + 'static>>,
     tls_versions: Option<&'static [&'static SupportedProtocolVersion]>,
     #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
     dns: Option<DnsClient>,
@@ -34,9 +35,7 @@ impl ClientBuilder {
     /// no cert verifiers and default TLS versions.
     pub fn new() -> Self {
         ClientBuilder {
-            root_certs: rustls::RootCertStore::empty(),
             ss_verifier: None,
-            custom_verifier: None,
             tls_versions: None,
             #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
             dns: None,
@@ -55,30 +54,19 @@ impl ClientBuilder {
             } else {
                 rustls::DEFAULT_VERSIONS
             })
-            .unwrap();
+            .unwrap()
-
-        let tls_config = if let Some(cv) = self.custom_verifier {
-            tls_config.dangerous().with_custom_certificate_verifier(cv)
-        } else if let Some(ssv) = self.ss_verifier {
-            tls_config
             .dangerous()
-                .with_custom_certificate_verifier(Arc::new(CustomCertVerifier {
+            .with_custom_certificate_verifier(Arc::new(AllowAllCertVerifier::from(provider)));
-                    provider: provider.clone(),
-                    ss_verifier: ssv,
-                }))
-        } else {
-            tls_config.with_root_certificates(self.root_certs)
-        };
 
         // TODO
         let tls_config = tls_config.with_no_client_auth();
 
+        Client {
+            connector: TlsConnector::from(Arc::new(tls_config)),
+            ss_verifier: self.ss_verifier,
             #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
-        if let Some(dns) = self.dns {
+            dns: self.dns,
-            return Client::from((tls_config, dns));
         }
-
-        Client::from(tls_config)
     }
 
     /// Limit the supported TLS versions list to the specified ones.
@@ -99,25 +87,28 @@ impl ClientBuilder {
         mut self,
         ss_verifier: impl SelfsignedCertVerifier + 'static,
     ) -> Self {
-        self.ss_verifier = Some(Box::new(ss_verifier));
+        self.ss_verifier = Some(Arc::new(ss_verifier));
         self
     }
 
-    /// Include a custom TLS cert verifier implementing rustls' [`ServerCertVerifier`].
+    /// Disable TLS cert verification.
-    /// Normally need to be used only for [`crate::certs::insecure::AllowAllCertVerifier`].
+    /// Use only if you definitely know what you are doing.
-    /// Note: the webpki verifier and a self-signed cert verifier are not called
+    // TODO: will make sense after implementing a typestate pattern
-    /// when a custom verifier is set.
+    pub fn dangerous_with_no_verifier(self) -> Self {
-    pub fn with_custom_verifier(
-        mut self,
-        custom_verifier: impl ServerCertVerifier + 'static,
-    ) -> Self {
-        self.custom_verifier = Some(Arc::new(custom_verifier));
         self
     }
 
+    /// Use a custom DNS client for resolving IPs.
     #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
     pub fn with_dns_client(mut self, dns: DnsClient) -> Self {
         self.dns = Some(dns);
         self
     }
+
+    /// Same as [`Builder::with_dns_client`], but accepts Option.
+    #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
+    pub fn maybe_with_dns_client(mut self, dns: Option<DnsClient>) -> Self {
+        self.dns = dns;
+        self
+    }
 }

src/client/mod.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,11 @@ use hickory_client::rr::IntoName;
 #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
 use std::net::SocketAddr;
 
-use crate::{error::*, status::*};
+use crate::{
+    certs::{SelfsignedCertVerifier, ServerName},
+    error::*,
+    status::*,
+};
 use builder::ClientBuilder;
 
 use std::sync::Arc;
@@ -21,45 +25,18 @@ use tokio::{
     io::{AsyncBufReadExt, AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt},
     net::TcpStream,
 };
-use tokio_rustls::{
+use tokio_rustls::TlsConnector;
-    rustls::{self, pki_types},
-    TlsConnector,
-};
 use url::Url;
 
 pub struct Client {
-    connector: TlsConnector,
+    pub(crate) connector: TlsConnector,
+    pub(crate) ss_verifier: Option<Arc<dyn SelfsignedCertVerifier>>,
     #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
-    dns: Option<DnsClient>,
+    pub(crate) dns: Option<DnsClient>,
-}
-
-impl From<rustls::ClientConfig> for Client {
-    /// Create a Client from a Rustls config.
-    #[inline]
-    fn from(config: rustls::ClientConfig) -> Self {
-        Client {
-            connector: TlsConnector::from(Arc::new(config)),
-            #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
-            dns: None,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(feature = "hickory")]
-impl From<(rustls::ClientConfig, DnsClient)> for Client {
-    /// Create a Client from a Rustls config and
-    /// a DnsClient instance as a custom resolver.
-    #[inline]
-    fn from(value: (rustls::ClientConfig, DnsClient)) -> Self {
-        Client {
-            connector: TlsConnector::from(Arc::new(value.0)),
-            dns: Some(value.1),
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 impl Client {
-    /// Create a Client with a customized configuration,
+    /// Construct a Client with a customized configuration,
     /// see [`ClientBuilder`] methods.
     pub fn builder() -> ClientBuilder {
         ClientBuilder::new()
@@ -117,7 +94,7 @@ impl Client {
         host: &str,
         port: u16,
     ) -> Result<Response, LibError> {
-        let domain = pki_types::ServerName::try_from(host)
+        let domain = ServerName::try_from(host)
             .map_err(|_| InvalidUrl::ConvertError)?
             .to_owned();
 
@@ -170,7 +147,7 @@ impl Client {
         Ok(Response::new(status, message, stream))
     }
 
-    pub async fn try_connect(&self, host: &str, port: u16) -> Result<TcpStream, LibError> {
+    async fn try_connect(&self, host: &str, port: u16) -> Result<TcpStream, LibError> {
         let mut last_err: Option<std::io::Error> = None;
 
         #[cfg(feature = "hickory")]